Chromatography: history Definition and How it Works

Definition of Chromatography:

-Chromatography separation techniques are multi-stage separation methods in which the components of a sample distributed between two phases, one is stationary, while the other is mobile. 

-Chromatography is a technique used to separate the component from the mixture or the solution.It also separates the closely related compound from the mixture.

History of Chromatography:

While studying the coloring materials in plant life, a Russian botanist invented chromatography. His name was M.S. Tswett.

Chromatos: mean colour.

Graph: mean writing.

In early chromatography used to separate the pigment from the colour.

Now a day Chromatography technique used to separate the component from the mixture also for the analysis of the material.

It measures the purity and impurity of presence into the product. Most widely used in pharmaceutical industry for analysis purpose. It also used in colours dye petroleum industry for separation.

Different types of chromatographic technique available.

In Chromatography technique there is two phases stationary phase and the mobile phase. Where the mobile phase and the stationary phase are the inert. The mobile phase carries the analyte and it passes through the stationary phase. The stationary phase does not move or mobile phase is move with analyte.

How it Works:

-It separates the component within mixture by using differential affinities of the component for a mobile phase and for a stationary absorbing medium through they pass.

- A component which is quite soluble in the stationary phase will take longer to travel through it than a component which is not very soluble in the stationary phase but very soluble in the mobile phase they travel very fast.

-  As a result of these differences in mobilities, sample components will become separated from each other as they travel through the stationary phase

-Chromatographic separation techniques are multistage separation methods in which the components of a sample are distributed between two phases, of which one is stationary and the other is mobile.